Cognitive Science

This book studies formal semantics in modern type theories (MTT-semantics). Compared with simple type theory, MTTs have much richer type structures and provide powerful means for adequate semantic constructions. This offers a serious alternative to the ... (Read more)

This book examines the principles and mechanisms of each type of speech acoustic analysis, step by step, while maintaining a close link between the physiological properties and the acoustic characteristics of phonation. Illustrated with accessible mathe... (Read more)

This book questions the relationship and compatibility between current beliefs in neurology and contemporary textual linguistic theories, interpretative semantics and discourse analysis. It begins with a critical examination of the screenings for Alzhei... (Read more)

The use of experimental methodology in the field of linguistics has boomed in recent decades. However, implementation of such methods does require an understanding and mastery of specific theoretical and methodological principles. Introduction to Experi... (Read more)

Today, the use of corpora is common in all fields of linguistics. Thus, the ability to quantitatively analyze linguistic data from a corpus is becoming an essential part of the linguistic “toolbox”. This book sheds light on the theoretical and methodo... (Read more)

Cognitive Mechanisms of Learning presents experimental research works on the issue of knowledge acquisition in Cognitive Psychology. These research works – initiated by groups of researchers with academic backgrounds in Philosophy, Psychology, Linguistic... (Read more)

Humans use countless tools and are constantly creating new ones. We are so prone to materiality that the changes we implement in our environment could put our very survival at stake. It has therefore become necessary to question the cognitive origins of th... (Read more)

In recent years, there has been a proliferation of opinion-heavy texts on the Web: opinions of Internet users, comments on social networks, etc. Automating the synthesis of opinions has become crucial to gaining an overview on a given topic. Current automa... (Read more)

As time goes on, big companies such as Amazon, Microsoft, Google and Apple become increasingly interested in virtual assistants. The interest and development of social robots has put research into affective and social computing at the forefront of the scen... (Read more)

Reformulation and Acquisition of Linguistic Complexity proposes a new answer to the question of the appropriation or acquisition of a mother tongue – a complex object, one that is both stable and perpetually evolving. This answer is based on the reformul... (Read more)

This book serves as an introduction to the design of experiments and modeling. It describes all the steps involved in leading an experiment, from the initial design through to the creation of automated stimuli and computerized presentations of the stimuli ... (Read more)

This book shows how graph rewriting can be used as a computational model adapted to natural language processing. Focus is placed on annotated corpora that play an increasingly important role within natural language processing and it is therefore interestin... (Read more)

Inadequacies, approximations and ambiguities: this is the common batch of phenomena likely to hinder comprehension. Communication, and in particular oral communication, would in theory require many repetitions and preliminary tests in order to reach true a... (Read more)

Natural Language Processing (NLP) is a scientific discipline which is found at the intersection of fields such as Artificial Intelligence, Linguistics, and Cognitive Psychology. Over four chapters, this book presents the state of the art and fundamental co... (Read more)

Responsible Innovation. For some, this expression is only an oxymoron or, worse, a means of masking with a sheet of virtue economic practices that would otherwise appear selfish and self-interested. For others, theorists and actors of innovation, this expr... (Read more)

As natural language processing spans many different disciplines, it is sometimes difficult to understand the contributions and the challenges that each of them presents. This book explores the special relationship between natural language processing and co... (Read more)

Too often, governance falls short of the ideals established through reflections on RRI. Yet, a reflexive governance model has emerged in recent years in scientific debates. This model tries to focus on the effects of actors’ commitment in shared cooperat... (Read more)

Responsible research and innovation (RRI) has become an intensely debated concept for shaping future science, technology and innovation. This book is dedicated to the first steps of emerging RRI debates. Its main message is that the object of responsibilit... (Read more)

This volume tackles the burden of judgment and the challenges of ethical disagreements, organizes the cohabitation of scientific and ethical argumentations in such a way they find their appropriate place in the political decision. It imagines several forms... (Read more)

Diversity in business has always been a source of both benefits and challenges: “This person definitely has some good ideas, but I cannot work with them – they never see things in the same way!”. Evidently, the expression of egos and of individual... (Read more)

Brain–computer interfaces (BCI) are devices which measure brain activity and translate it into messages or commands, thereby opening up many possibilities for investigation and application. This book provides keys for understanding and designing these m... (Read more)

Natural language processing (NLP) is a scientific discipline which is found at the interface of computer science, artificial intelligence and cognitive psychology. Providing an overview of international work in this interdisciplinary field, this book giv... (Read more)

Brain–computer interfaces (BCI) are devices which measure brain activity and translate it into messages or commands, thereby opening up many investigation and application possibilities. This book provides keys for understanding and designing these mul... (Read more)

The scientific and technological upheavals of the 20th Century and the questions and difficulties that went along with them (climate change, nuclear energy, GMO, etc.) have increased the necessity of thinking about and formalizing technoscientific progress... (Read more)

This book presents a unique opportunity for constructing a consistent image of collaborative manual annotation for Natural Language Processing (NLP). NLP has witnessed two major evolutions in the past 25 years: firstly, the extraordinary success of machin... (Read more)

One of the major challenges for modern organizations is the management of individual and collective knowledge, which is at the root of specific practices designed to optimize knowledge acquisition, maintenance and application. There are, however, still a d... (Read more)

Responsible Research and Innovation appears as a paradoxical frame, hard to conceptualize and difficult to apply. If, on the one hand, research and innovation appear to follow logics blind to societal issues, on the other hand responsibility is still a b... (Read more)

One of the challenges brought on by the digital revolution of the recent decades is the mechanism by which information carried by texts can be extracted in order to access its contents. The processing of named entities remains a very active area of rese... (Read more)

Practical and conceptual, the Responsible Research and Innovation set of books contributes to the clarification of this new requirement for all sciences and technological innovation. It covers the multiple and international responsibilities, by using vario... (Read more)

This book is at the very heart of linguistics. It provides the theoretical and methodological framework needed to create a successful linguistic project. Potential applications of descriptive linguistics include spell-checkers, intelligent search engines,... (Read more)

Knowledge management (KM) is the process of finding, distributing, and using knowledge about an organization effectively in a multi-disciplined approach. Information Systems for Knowledge Management brings together leading authors in this field to discu... (Read more)

Games with a Purpose (GWAPs) make it possible to collect data or solve problems that are too complex or too costly in terms of means to be solved by machines.These fun activities, which represent a type of serious gaming, are delicate to design since they ... (Read more)

Textual information in the form of digital documents quickly accumulates to create huge amounts of data. The majority of these documents are unstructured: it is unrestricted text and has not been organized into traditional databases. Processing documents i... (Read more)

Today, more and more academics and practitioners are seeking to understand how organizations manage their knowledge and intellectual capital in order to obtain more effective competitive advantages. Taking into account these issues, and in order to answer ... (Read more)

Systems Biology is the systematic study of the interactions between the components of a biological system and studies how these interactions give rise to the function and behavior of the living system. Through this, a life process is to be understood as a ... (Read more)

Computer-assisted translation (CAT) has always used translation memories, which require the translator to have a corpus of previous translations that the CAT software can use to generate bilingual lexicons. This can be problematic when the translator does ... (Read more)

This book summarizes the main problems posed by the design of a man–machine dialogue system and offers ideas on how to continue along the path towards efficient, realistic and fluid communication between humans and machines. A culmination of ten years o... (Read more)

Decision-making has evolved recently thanks to the introduction of information and communication technologies in many organizations, which has led to new kinds of decision-making processes, called “collaborative decision-making”, at the organizational ... (Read more)

Making a decision, of any importance, is never simple. On the one hand, specialists in decision theory do not come within the reach of most policy makers and, secondly, there are very few books on pragmatic decision that are not purely anecdotal. In additi... (Read more)

The domain of Affective Computing, a term coined by Rosalind Picard in 1997, gathers together several scientific areas such as computer science, cognitive science, psychology, design and art. Human-machine interaction systems are no longer solely fast and ... (Read more)

Qualitative reasoning about time and space is concerned with processing knowledge which is qualitative, rather than quantitative, in nature, such as: "event A happened before event B", or "the market place is located in front of the church". The domain has... (Read more)

This book contains a philosophical justification and scientific explanation of a computable metalanguage called Information Economy Meta Language (IEML). This language is key to solving the semantic interoperability problem on the Web and to modeling futur... (Read more)

The development of research, teaching methods, and applications of competitive intelligence (economic intelligence) requires a strategic and transverse vision that accounts for related issues and disciplines. It is essential to integrate the role of cultur... (Read more)

The recent “concept of 2.0", a consequence of "Web 2.0", discusses the emergence of a new style, emancipated from the Web, which finds applications in all areas of social activity: management, innovation, education , organization, territory, etc. This ... (Read more)

The book addresses the main topics and techniques used for the rapid design, adaptation, and improvement of high-performance statistical spoken language dialog systems. Over the past few years, statistical methods (or pattern recognition techniques) have ... (Read more)

Digital Cognitive Technologies is an interdisciplinary book which assesses the socio-technical stakes of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), which are at the core of the “Knowledge Society”. This book addresses eight major issues, analyz... (Read more)

Numerous formalisms have been designed to model and solve decision-making problems. Some formalisms, such as constraint networks, can express “simple” decision problems, while others take into account uncertainties (probabilities, possibilities...), un... (Read more)

Communicating by speech is one of the most seemingly-natural activities for humans. However, despite its apparent obviousness and ease, speech production is a very complex task with multiple levels of organization transforming cognitive intent into a meani... (Read more)

The rushed development of information and communication technologies and their impact on the world of learning in the last decade have profoundly changed the paradigms, scenarios and values at all levels of education. The professionalization of tools an... (Read more)

This book gives an overview of the main results and methods in the formal study of the human decision process in the wider sense, trying to break down the barriers between the various disciplines, including psychology, economics and computer science, which... (Read more)

Speech processing addresses various scientific and technological areas. It includes speech analysis and variable rate coding, in order to store or transmit speech. It also covers speech synthesis, especially from text, speech recognition, including speaker... (Read more)