This book is the first of a set dedicated to the mathematical tools used in partial differential equations derived from physics.
Its focus is on normed or semi-normed vector spaces, including the spaces of Banach, Fréchet and Hilbert, with new developments on Neumann spaces, but also on extractable spaces.
The author presents the main properties of these spaces, which are useful for the construction of Lebesgue and Sobolev distributions with real or vector values and for solving partial differential equations. Differential calculus is also extended to semi-normed spaces.
Simple methods, semi-norms, sequential properties and others are discussed, making these tools accessible to the greatest number of students – doctoral students, postgraduate students – engineers and researchers without restricting or generalizing the results.
1. Prerequisites.
2. Semi-normed Spaces.
3. Comparison of Semi-normed Spaces.
4. Banach, Fréchet and Neumann Spaces.
5. Hilbert Spaces.
6. Product, Intersection, Sum and Quotient of Spaces.
7. Continuous Mappings.
8. Images of Sets Under Continuous Mappings.
9. Properties of Mappings in Metrizable Spaces.
10. Extension of Mappings, Equicontinuity.
11. Compactness in Mapping Spaces.
12. Spaces of Linear or Multilinear Mappings.
13. Duality.
14. Dual of a Subspace.
15. Weak Topology.
16. Properties of Sets for the Weak Topology.
17. Reflexivity.
18. Extractable Spaces.
19. Differentiable Mappings.
20. Differentiation of Multivariable Mappings.
21. Successive Differentiations.
22. Derivation of Functions of One Real Variable.
Jacques Simon is Emeritus Research Director at CNRS. His research focuses on Navier-Stokes equations, particularly in shape optimization and in the functional spaces they use.